TopTropicals Plant Catalog
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Artocarpus altilis, Artocarpus communis Family: Moraceae Breadfruit Origin: New Guinea        The breadfruit is fast growing tree, reaching up to 80-100 ft in height, with a trunk up to 6 ft in diameter, though some varieties are smaller. The leaves, evergreen or deciduous depending on climatic conditions, are ovate up to 3 ft long more or less deeply cut into many pointed lobes. They are bright-green and glossy on the upper surface, with conspicuous yellow veins and dull, yellowish and coated with minute, stiff hairs on the underside. Flowers are tiny and similar to jackfruit. The male densely set on a drooping spike 5 to 12” long, yellowish at first and becoming brown. The female are massed in a rounded or elliptic, green head, about 3” long, which develops into the compound fruit. Fruit can be oblong, cylindrical, ovoid, rounded or pearshaped, 3 to 18” in length. Generally the fruit is green at first, turning yellow or yellow-brown when ripe. When fully ripe, the fruit is somewhat soft, the interior is cream colored or yellow and pasty, also sweetly fragrant. All parts of the tree, including the unripe fruit, are rich in milky, gummy latex. There are two main types: the normal, "wild" type (cultivated in some areas) with seeds and little pulp, and the "cultivated" (more widely grown) seedless type, but occasionally a few fully developed seeds are found in usually seedless cultivars. The seeds are oval about 3/4” long, dull-brown with darker stripes. Breadfruit can be eaten raw or cooked. It is an important source of carbohydrates or "starch" and is a dietary staple in some places, especially Polynesia. The moist inner pulp of seedless forms (breadfruit) is eaten after cooking, and has the taste and texture of potatoes. The seeds of the seeded (breadnut) form are also cooked (boiled or roasted). In the West Indies a decoction of the leaves is used to lower elevated blood pressure and to relieve asthma. The shoots, bark and latex have also medicinal applications. More information on breadfruit. |  |
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 | Artocarpus camansi Family: Moraceae Seeded breadfruit, Breadnut Origin: New Guinea, Philippines   Seeded breadfruit is a large tree, to 100 feet tall, with large, spreading branches and a straight trunk with smooth gray bark. Leaves large, 16-20 inches wide and 24-35 inches long, with shallow lobes. All parts of the tree contain abundant white latex. Monecious, with axillary inflorescences. Male inflorescence elongated, 1-1.5 inches wide and 6-10 inches long, female inflorescence globose, 2-3 inches wide and 3-4 inches long. Fruits large, spheroid, 4-12 inches in diameter, green and covered with soft spines. Fruits contain between 20-60 rounded or flattened seeds, about 1 inch long. Immature fruits are cooked as a vegetable with coconut milk. Seeds are soft, edible and delicious, and may be boiled or roasted. |  |
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 | Artocarpus glaucus Family: Moraceae Artocarpus Origin: Indonesia |  |
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 Artocarpus heterophyllus var. Cochin | Artocarpus heterophyllus, Artocarpus integrifolius Family: Moraceae Jackfruit, Jakfruit, Langka, Nangka, Jaca Origin: India or Malaysia  A large interesting relative of the breadfruit. Can be pruned annually to 12' x 12' producing as much as 200 Lbs. of fruit per year. Largest fruit that grows on a tree. Spiked on the outside and weighing up to 80 lbs., the flesh is edible, soft and quite aromatic. More info |  Artocarpus heterophyllus var. Cochin |
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 Photo by Eric La Brum |  Photo by Eric La Brum |  |  Flesh |
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 |  Young fruit |  Male and female flowers |  Fruit pulp is sweet, juicy and very specific flavor |
 This mature tree is kept 8ft tall by cutting the top off (fruit form at the base of a trunk) |  |  |  |
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 | Artocarpus hypargyraeus Family: Moraceae Kwai Muk Origin: China   It is a slow-growing, slender tree that can be grown as an ornamental specimen plant due to its erect growing habit and attractive long slender leaves. The round fruits have a velvety, brownish, thin, tender skin. The fruit is best when harvested from the tree completely ripe. When mature the pulp is orange-red to red, soft, acid to subacid and of an excellent flavour. They say it is the ugliest fruit but the best flavor! The fruit can be seedless or may contain 1 to 7 small pale seeds. The pulp is delicious eaten raw or can be preserved or sundried. Self pollinating, ripening from February to April. The trees are not as cold sensitive as jackfruit or breadfruit and tolerate light frost. |  |
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 | Artocarpus integer Family: Moraceae Chempedak Origin: Malaysia, Indonesia Medium size (5-7"), sometimes cylindrical fruit with smoother skin than Jackfruit. Pulp has a sweet, juicy, yet creamy texture. Less fibrous and acidic than the Jackfruit. Eaten fresh and used to make ice cream. Young fruits are eaten as vegetables. |  |
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 | Artocarpus lakoocha Family: Moraceae Lakoocha Origin: India Large forest tree. Yellow, 2-4" velvety skinned fruit related to the jackfruit. Propagation: By seed, whose viability lasts only a week. See picture. |
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 Green terap from Sabah, yummy, thick flesh | Artocarpus odoratissimus Family: Moraceae Marang, Tarap, Green Terap Origin: Malesia Marang, or Tarap, is one of the most delicious tropical fruit and beautiful exotic tree with large lobed leaves. The fruit is as big as 10-12", soft flavored, can be appreciated from the first bite and considered superior in flavor to both Jackfruit or Chempedak. Being a cold sensitive plant, Marang can be grown in container inside a greenhouse, where it will enjoy high humidity. The seedlings grow rapidly, first fruit can be expected within 3-4 years. See Article about this plant. |  |
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 | Artocarpus sericicarpus Family: Moraceae Pedalai Origin: Malaysia, Borneo Very large rainforest tree to 120ft. Eaten fresh. Seeds are also edible. The pedalai comes from northern Borneo, the Philippines, Sulawesi and the Moluccas. It is a very rare specimen in Borneo. It is occasionally seen growing on the steep, clay hillsides of the inland regions. The foliage consists of very large (40 X 25 cms) handsome, dark green leaves, spectacularly digitately lobed when young but entire when mature. The pedalai bears some very beautiful, eye-catching, bright orange skinned fruits, globular in shape and about 15 cms in diameter. Small soft protrusions on the fruit surface sprout curly, yellow hairs like a giant rambutan. Pedalai is similar to the marang inside, but has a superior flavor, firmer flesh and slightly larger segments. The sweet, creamy-white flesh is easy to eat and like the marang the segments cling to the central core when the skin is removed. As with all the Artocarpus species the seeds are edible and those of the pedalai are considered to be some of the tastiest. They may be boiled, roasted or fried. Fruit odor is not as strong as it is with the fruit of the marang, Artocarpus odoratissimus. |  |
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 Male flowers | Broussonetia papyrifera, Morus papyrifera Family: Moraceae Paper Mulberry Origin: E. Asia, China   The paper mulberry is one of the most adaptable and widely distributed tree species in the world. Used in Polynesia for making tapa cloth by macerating and pounding the inner bark, and in China and Japan for the making of paper. Introduced to Europe in 1750 and subsequently, North America. It is widely naturalized, particularly in the eastern US, as it is frost-hardy and reproduces both by root suckers and seed. Note the dimorphic leaves, some are irregularly lobed and others are completely unlobed. Male flowers are pendulous catkins and female are urn-shaped followed by small orange-red aggregate berries. |  Paper Mulberry fruit, immature and mature |
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